[Latin Name] Taraxacum officinale

[Plant Source] from China

[Specifications] Flavones 3%-20%

[Appearance] Brown fine powder

Plant Part Used:Root

[Particle size] 80 Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤5.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Shelf life] 24 Months

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[Net weight] 25kgs/drum

[Function]

(1) It is a general stimulant to the system, but especially to the urinary organs, and is chiefly used in kidney and liver disorders;

(2) Dandelion is also used as a remedy for hemorrhoids, gout, rheumatism, eczema, other skin conditions, and diabetes.

(3) Dandelion is used to treat chronic ulcers, stiff joints, and tuberculosis. It is also used to induce milk production in nursing mothers and to soothe inflamed breast tissue.

[Pharmacological effects]

(1) the antibacterial action: made of injection to extract the dandelion staphylococcus aureus and have strong hemolytic streptococcus pneumoniae, to kill, meningococci, diphtheria bacili, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus, dysenteric bacili, typhoid bacillus and card he also must kill staphylococcus, fungi, viruses, and some of the leptospira bacterium.

(2)other function. Advantageous bravery,diuresis and bitter soa, mild diarrhea inferior.

[Applications]

Dandelions extract injection, decoction, tablet, syrup, etc for a variety of infection are dampness.the curative effects, including the upper respiratory tract infection and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, contagious hepatitis, urinary tract infection, surgical disorders, surgery, dermatology inflammation and sepsis inflammation, typhoid, biliary feeling, mumps, etc.

How to approach histology for Human Anatomy students. Using a key will help get you through it! Add some penguin fairy dust will help too!

There are lots of histology keys out there, but the one I showed in the video is here: https://www.penguinprof.com/uploads/8/4/3/1/8431323/histology_key.jpg

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Details:

Tissue in the human body:

Epithelial: Is made of cells arranged in a continuous sheet with one or more layers, has apical & basal surfaces.

A basement membrane is the attachment between the basal surface of the cell & the underlying connective tissue.

Two types of epithelial tissues: (1) Covering & lining epithelia and (2) Glandular Epithelium.

The number of cell layers & the shape of the cells in the top layer can classify epithelium.

Simple Epithelium – one cell layer
Stratified epithelium – two or more cell layers
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium – When cells of an epithelial tissue are all anchored to the basement Membrane but not all cells reach the apical surface.
Glandular Epithelium — (1) Endocrine: Release hormones directly into the blood stream and (2) Exocrine – Secrete into ducts.

Connective: contains many different cell types including: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and adipocytes. Connective Tissue Matrix is made of two materials: ground substance – proteins and polysaccharides, fiber — reticular, collagen and elastic.

Classification of Connective Tissue:
Loose Connective – fibers & many cell types in gelatinous matrix, found in skin, & surrounding blood vessels, nerves, and organs.
Dense Connective – Bundles of parallel collagen fibers& fibroblasts, found in tendons& ligaments.
Cartilage – Cartilage is made of collagen & elastin fibers embedded in a matrix glycoprotein & cells called chondrocytes, which was found in small spaces.
Cartilage has three subtypes:
Hyaline cartilage — Weakest, most abundant type, Found at end of long bones, & structures like the ear and nose,
Elastic cartilage- maintains shape, branching elastic fibers distinguish it from hyaline and
Fibrous Cartilage – Strongest type, has dense collagen & little matrix, found in pelvis, skull & vertebral discs.

Muscle: is divided into 3 categories, skeletal, cardiac and smooth.
Skeletal Muscle — voluntary, striated, striations perpendicular to the muscle fibers and it is mainly found attached to bones.
Cardiac Muscle — involuntary, striated, branched and has intercalated discs
Smooth Muscle — involuntary, nonstriated, spindle shaped and is found in blood vessels & the GI tract.

Nervous: Consists of only two cell types in the central nervous system (CNS) & peripheral nervous system (PNS):
Neurons – Cells that convert stimuli into electrical impulses to the brain, and Neuroglia — supportive cells.
Neurons — are made up of cell body, axon and dendrites. There are 3 types of neurons:
Motor Neuron — carry impulses from CNS to muscles and glands,
Interneuron – interpret input from sensory neurons and end responses to motor neurons
Sensory Neuron — receive information from environment and transmit to CNS.
Neuroglia — is made up of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells and microglia in the CNS, and schwann cells and satellite cells in the PNS.

Desert Ash blooms as winter bee food?

Attention beekeepers! I thought you might be interested in my observation that the Desert Ash tree blooms in late autumn to early winter, here, Down Under; and it attracts lots and lots of bees when there would seem to be not too much other bee food around. Flowers appearing in winter when the (deciduous) tree is bare is a bit of an unusual sight–like spring-in-reverse; sort of.

Handy to know, I suppose, if you are an apiarist–or a bee! Apparently these trees, introduced originally from Native to Western Mediterranean and Portugal, are now considered weeds that invade “riparian systems, lowland grassland and grassy woodland”.

Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. angustifolia

Alternative Name: Formerly known botanically as Fraxinus oxycarpa.

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