[Latin Name] Griffonia simplicifolia

[Plant Source] Griffonia Seed

[Specifications] 98%; 99% HPLC

[Appearance] White fine powder

Plant Part Used: Seed

[Particle size] 80 Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤5.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Pesticide residue] EC396-2005, USP 34, EP 8.0, FDA

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Shelf life] 24 Months

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[Net weight] 25kgs/drum

[What is 5-HTP]

5-HTP (5-Hydroxytryptophan) is a chemical by-product of the protein building block L-tryptophan. It is also produced commercially from the seeds of an African plant known as Griffonia simplicifolia 5-HTP is used for sleep disorders such as insomnia, depression, anxiety, migraine and tension-type headaches, fibromyalgia, obesity, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), seizure disorder, and Parkinson’s disease.

 [How does it work?]

5-HTP works in the brain and central nervous system by increasing the production of the chemical serotonin. Serotonin can affect sleep, appetite, temperature, sexual behavior, and pain sensation. Since 5-HTP increases the synthesis of serotonin, it is used for several diseases where serotonin is believed to play an important role including depression, insomnia, obesity, and many other conditions.

[Function]

Depression. Some clinical research shows that taking 5-HTP by mouth improve symptoms of depression in some people. Some clinical research shows that taking 5-HTP by mouth might be as beneficial as certain prescription antidepressant drugs for improving depression symptoms. In most studies, 150-800 mg daily of 5-HTP was taken. In some cases, higher doses have been used.

Down syndrome. Some research shows that giving 5-HTP to infants with Down syndrome might improve muscle and activity. Other research shows that it does not improve muscle or development when taken from infancy until 3-4 years of age. Research also shows that taking 5-HTP along with conventional prescription drugs does improve development, social skills, or language skills.

Anxiety 5-HTP was found to be protective against carbon dioxide-induced panic attacks. One study compared 5-HTP and the prescription medication clomipramine for anxiety. Clomipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant used for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder. 5-HTP was found to be somewhat effective in reducing anxiety symptoms, but not as effective as clomipramine.

Sleep 5-HTP supplements fared a little better for insomnia.5-HTP decreased the time required to get to sleep and decreased the number of nighttime awakenings. Taking 5-HTP along with GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), a relaxing neurotransmitter, reduced the time it took to fall asleep and increased the duration and quality of sleep. One study found that children with night terrors benefited from 5-HTP.

Full Title:
Debunking Diet Pills: Investigation of the efficacy and metabolic mechanisms of four widely used weight loss pills

Implications for treatment with weight loss pills:
These findings suggest that weight pills may be used to treat patients with obesity or diabetes, but we suggest the people preferentially turn to dieting and exercise. Although there is evidence that these drugs elicit their purposed responses, they should not be used for prolonged periods of time due to unknown side effects from long term use and the expense of such marketed “quick fixes”.

Each of these drugs have been found to confer various side effects:
Bitter Orange: Since the active ingredient in this compound is a stimulant, there is an increased risk of high blood pressure, heart attack, stroke and fainting. There have also been reports of increased migraine headaches and sun sensitivity.
CLA: Has been found to disturb the gastrointestinal tract and cause fatigue.
Garcinia Cambogia: The active ingredient in this drug has been associated with gastrointestinal upsets, light-headedness and headaches.
Orlistat: This drug commonly changes the normal functioning of the bowels.

Thesis:
Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), Bitter Orange, Garcinia Cambogia and Orlistat are weight loss pills that are used by patients with obesity and type II diabetes. Mechanism of action of each of these drugs and their main active ingredients have been determined. CLA is thought to cause an increase in energy expenditure by up-regulating the expression of uncoupling proteins or UCPs and has been found to increase fatty acid B-oxidation in skeletal muscle by enhancing the activity and expression of carnitine palmitoyl transferase I or CPT I. The main protoalkaloid in Bitter Orange is p-synephrine and this stimulates B-3 adrenergic receptors, increasing the ability of the body to break down and metabolize carbohydrates in skeletal muscle. Hydroxycitric acid or HCA is the main compound in Garcinia Cambogia, which is a powerful competitive inhibitor of adenosine 5’-triphosphate or ATP citrate lyase and therefore works to reduce the acetyl CoA pool, limiting the availability of two-carbon units required for the biosynthesis of fatty acids. Orlistat is a gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor that leads to excretion of ingested fat, decreasing the body’s fat absorption. The purpose of this analysis is to confirm the ability of these pills to confer weight loss by investigating human trials and animal testing. This will help determine if these pills are as efficient as the media makes them out to be and will educate people about the mechanisms behind high profile diet pills.

References:
(1) Alberti, K. G.; Eckel, R. H.; Grundy, S. M.; Zimmet, P. Z.; Cleeman, J. I.; Donato, K. a; Fruchart, J. C.; James, W. P.; Loria, C. M.; Smith  Jr., S. C. Harmonizing the Metabolic Syndrome: A Joint Interim Statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International. Circulation 2009, 120 (16), 1640–1645.
(2) Kaur, J. A Comprehensive Review on Metabolic Syndrome. Cardiology Research and Practice 2014, 2014.
(3) Grundy, S. M. Pre-Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cardiovascular Risk. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2012, 59 (7), 635–643.

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