[Latin Name] Vaccinium myrtillus l.

[Plant Source] Wild bilberry fruit cultivated from Sweden & Finland

[Specifications]

1) Anthocyanidins 25% UV (Glycosyl removed)

2) Anthocyanins 25% HPLC

3) Anthocyanins 36% HPLC

[Particle size] 80 Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤5.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Pesticide residue] EC396-2005, USP 34, EP 8.0, FDA

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[General feature]

1. 100% extracted from European bilberry fruit, approved ID test from ChromaDex andAlkemist Lab;

2.Without any adultery of other relative species of Berries,such as Blueberry,  Mulberry,Cranberry,etc;

3. Pesticide residue: EC396-2005, USP 34, EP 8.0, FDA

4. Directly import the frozen fruit from North Europe;

5. Perfect water solubility,water insolubles<1.0%
6. Chromatographic fingerprint match EP6 requirement

[What is bilberry fruit]

Bilberry (Vaccinium Myrtillus L.) is a kind of perennial deciduous or evergreen fruit shrubs, mainly found in subarctic regions of the world as in Sweden, Finland and Ukraine, etc. Bilberries contain dense levels of anthocyanin pigments, which was said popularly to have been used by World War II RAF pilots to sharpen night vision. In fork medicine, Europeans have been taking bilberry for a hundred years. Bilberry extracts entered the healthcare market as a kind of dietary supplement for effects on vision enhancement and visual fatigue relief.

[Function]

Protect and regenerate rhodopsin and cure the eye diseases;

Prevent the cardiovascular diseases

Antioxidant and anti-aging

Softening blood capillary, enhancing the heart function and resisting cancer

Warning: Long, science-heavy video. No funny cats or guys getting hit in the nuts.

Artificial sweeteners, or as they are usually referred to in the literature “non-caloric” sweeteners or “high-intensity” sweeteners, address the problem of sugar calorie excess in our diet. They’ve been demonstrated to support weight loss or maintenance, reduce cavities and can be part of a healthy lifestyle.

Much focus has been on

CSPI report: https://www.cspinet.org/reports/chemcuisine.htm
I disagree with CSPI on about 25% of their rankings, but I appreciate that they take a very conservative stance.

Citations:
Aspartame:
1. Comp Funct Genomics. 2010. In vivo cytogenetic studies on aspartame.
2. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2004 Aug;27(3):257-68. Genotoxicity of aspartame.
3. Am J Ind Med. 2010 Dec;53(12):1197-206. Aspartame administered in feed, beginning prenatally through life span, induces cancers of the liver and lung in male Swiss mice.
4. Toxicol In Vitro. 2011 Feb;25(1):286-93. In vitro effect of aspartame in angiogenesis induction.

Sucralose:
5. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;55(1):1-5. An overview of the safety of sucralose.
6. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;55(1):6-12. Expert panel report on a study of Splenda in male rats.
7. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000;38 Suppl 2:S53-69. Acute and subchronic toxicity of sucralose.
8. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000;38 Suppl 2:S71-89. A combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study of sucralose in Sprague-Dawley rats.
9. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000;38 Suppl 2:S91-7. A carcinogenicity study of sucralose in the CD-1 mouse.

AceK:
10. Horm Metab Res. 1987 Jun;19(6):233-8. The effect of artificial sweetener on insulin secretion. 1. The effect of acesulfame K on insulin secretion in the rat (studies in vivo).
11. Food Chem Toxicol. 1997 Dec;35(12):1177-9. In vivo cytogenetic studies on mice exposed to acesulfame-K–a non-nutritive sweetener.

General reviews:
12. Ann Oncol. 2004 Oct;15(10):1460-5. Artificial sweeteners–do they bear a carcinogenic risk?
13. Yale J Biol Med. 2010 Jun;83(2):101-8. Gain weight by “going diet?” Artificial sweeteners and the neurobiology of sugar cravings
14. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1996 Mar;20 Suppl 2:S12-7. Effect of sucrose and sweeteners on appetite and energy intake.
15. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jan;89(1):1-14. Nonnutritive sweetener consumption in humans: effects on appetite and food intake and their putative mechanisms.
16. Physiol Behav. 2010 Apr 26;100(1):55-62. High-intensity sweeteners and energy balance.
17. Physiol Behav. 2009 Dec 7;98(5):618-24. Effect of moderate intake of sweeteners on metabolic health in the rat.
18. Food Addit Contam. 2006 Apr;23(4):327-38. The intake of intense sweeteners – an update review.

University of Kentucky
College of Education
Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion
Exercise Science Seminar Series
Fall 2014

Biweekly on Fridays
9:00 – 10:00 AM
213 Seaton Center