Siberian Ginseng Extract

Key Words: American Ginseng Extract

[Latin Name]  Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. Maxim.) Harms

[Specification] Eleuthroside ≧0.8%

[Appearance] Light yellow powder

Plant Part Used: Root

[Particle size] 80Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤5.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Shelf life] 24 Months

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[Net weight] 25kgs/drum

[What is Siberian Ginseng?]

Eleutherococcus, also known as eleuthero or Siberian ginseng, grows in mountain forests and is native to eastern Asia including China, Japan, and Russia. Traditional Chinese Medicine has used eleutherococcus for reducing lethargy, fatigue, and low stamina as well as increasing endurance and resilience to environmental stresses. Eleutherococcus is considered an “adaptogen,” a term that describes herbs or other substances that, when ingested, appears to help an organism increase resistance to stress. There is strong evidenceEleutherococcus senticosus increases endurance and mental performance in patients with mild fatigue and weakness.

[Benefits]

Eleutherococcus senticosus is a pretty awesome plant and has a lot more benefits that just the graphic above highlights. Here are some of the ones worth mentioning.

1. Energy
2. Focus
3. Anti-Anxiety
4. Anti-Fatigue
5. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
6. Common Colds
7. Immune Booster
8. Liver Detox
9. Cancer
10. Antiviral
11. High Blood Pressure
12. Insomnia
13. Bronchitis

This lecture explains about the structure of Lipopolysaccharides which is also known as endotoxin. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also known as lipoglycans and endotoxins, are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide composed of O-antigen, outer core and inner core joined by a covalent bond; they are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and elicit strong immune responses in animals.
The term lipooligosaccharide (“LOS”) is used to refer to a low-molecular-weight form of bacterial lipopolysaccharides.
LPS is the major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, contributing greatly to the structural integrity of the bacteria, and protecting the membrane from certain kinds of chemical attack. LPS also increases the negative charge of the cell membrane and helps stabilize the overall membrane structure. It is of crucial importance to gram-negative bacteria, whose death results if it is mutated or removed. LPS induces a strong response from normal animal immune systems. It has also been implicated in non-pathogenic aspects of bacterial ecology, including surface adhesion, bacteriophage sensitivity, and interactions with predators such as amoebae.

LPS is required for the proper conformation of Omptin activity; however, smooth LPS will sterically hinder omptins.
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For Related Practice Problems with Worked Video Solutions on Carbohydrates, visit courses.moofuniversity.com.

In this video, I depict and describe some key disaccharides and polysaccharides that any and every biochemistry student should be familiar with.

Maltose is a disaccharide with two glucose molecules connected by an alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond. Maltose is a reducing sugar because it has a free anomeric OH group.
Lactose is a disaccharide with a galactose and a glucose connected by a beta-1,4-glycosidic bond. Lactose is a reducing sugar because it has a free anomeric OH group.
Sucrose is a disaccharide with a glucose and a fructose connected by an alpha,beta-1,2-glycosidic bond. Sucrose is not a reducing sugar because it does not have a free anomeric OH group.

Cellulose is a polysaccharide with a bunch of glucose molecules connected by beta-1,4-linkages.
Starch and glycogen are both polysaccharides with a bunch of glucose molecules connected by alpha-1,4-linkages. Glycogen is more highly branched.

Humans have the enzyme to digest alpha-1,4-linkages, not beta-1,4-linkages. That’s why we can digest starch and glycogen, but not cellulose.

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