[Latin Name] Valerian Officinalis I.

[Specification] Velerenic acid 0.8% HPLC

[Appearance] Brown powder

Plant Part Used: Root

[Particle size] 80Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤5.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Shelf life] 24 Months

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[Net weight] 25kgs/drum

[What is Valerian?]

Valerian root (valeriana officinalis) is derived from a plant native to Europe and Asia. The root of this plant has been used for thousands of years as a remedy for various ailments including sleep problems, digestive problems, and disorders of the nervous system, headaches, and arthritis. It is believed that valerian root has an impact on the availability of the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain.

[Function]

1. Beneficial for insomnia
2. FOR ANXIETY
3. AS A SEDATIVE
4. FOR OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD)
5. FOR DIGESTIVE PROBLEMS
6. FOR MIGRAINE FEADACHES
7. FOR HYPERACTIVITY AND FOCUS IN CHILDREN

Nitrogen is critical to good organic corn yields, but making sure adequate nitrogen is available when the corn needs it can be tricky.

Text Only Script:

https://www.caes.uga.edu/global/media/texttranscript.cfm?vid=9LqHJjxVm3k

—

Descriptive Text
Success with Organic Grains: Nitrogen Management in Organic Corn

The video opens to a title slide then moves to show logos from each of the sponsors.

The video changes to ears of corn in a pile and then to ears on the stalk.

The video continues to a mound of soil to slides stating the importance of soil quality.

The video moves to a tractor pulling a plow over a field to a slide stating the phases of soil management to a field of young grain corn to a hand digging into and handling the soil to a freshly tilled field to slides stating the building and maintenance of soil.

The video changes to a compost screener near a large pile of compost to a pile of pelleted poultry litter to slides stating the sources of nitrogen to a close-up of organic matter to a chisel plow being pulled through a field to a freshly tilled field to fresh compost applied to the soil to a field of crimson clover flowers to mound of poultry litter fertilizer to a close-up of dark organic material.

The video continues to a tractor pulling a tandem-harrow across a field to slides stating the building phases of a soil to a close-up of a tandem-harrow being pulled across a field to a pile of animal manure to a mound of poultry litter fertilizer to a split screen of bagged organic fertilizer and a shovel in a mound of animal manure to a pond with a green water due to algae bloom to a tractor pulling a tandem-harrow across a field to a mound of pelletized poultry litter to a close-up of the pelletized animal by-products to a close-up of a hand in a bag of blood meal to close-up of feather meal in a bag to a close-up of pelletized poultry litter on the soil surface of an untilled field to a tractor pulling a spreader across the field to mounds of compost to a close-up of the compost to a photo of the purple flowers of hairy-vetch – a legume to a field of crimson clover flowers.

The video moves to a field of cereal rye cover crop to a slide stating cover crop management to a field of hairy-vetch biomass to a tractor rolling, crimping and then planting into the hairy vetch cover crop to a close-up of a clump of soil with legume roots on a shovel and a finger pointing to the nodules on the roots where rhizobia bacteria fix nitrogen to a tractor pulling a flail mower across a field of hairy vetch cover crop to a split screen of crimson clover flowers and hairy vetch flowers to a field of white flowers of Austrian winter peas to a tractor pulling a flail mower across a field to Dr. Steven Mirsky talking to a close-up of dark soil to a close-up of a tandem-harrow tilling soil to a spader being pulled over the field to a flail mower being pulled over a field to a field showing three stages of plowing to a close-up of broken soil to a field of cereal rye cover crop.

The video changes to Dr. Mirsky talking to a field of legume cover crops back to Dr. Mirsky talking to a field of cereal rye cover crop to a tractor pulling a flail mower across the field to a close-up of a tandem-harrow to the tandem-harrow being pulled across the field to a person walking through a corn field to a hand bouncing a ball of dirt in their hand until it is broken apart by the fingers to a hand picking up a clod of dirt and breaking it apart with their hand to a hand picking up a handful of dry soil and then letting it slide from their hand.

The video continues to a tractor pulling a planter across the field to a slide stating the methods of split nitrogen.

The video moves to a person looking closely at the corn plants in a row crop field to a summary slide to a slide stating resources.

Credits roll.

(c) 2014 University of Georgia
College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences
UGA Extension
Crop & Soil Sciences Department

Warning: Long, science-heavy video. No funny cats or guys getting hit in the nuts.

Artificial sweeteners, or as they are usually referred to in the literature “non-caloric” sweeteners or “high-intensity” sweeteners, address the problem of sugar calorie excess in our diet. They’ve been demonstrated to support weight loss or maintenance, reduce cavities and can be part of a healthy lifestyle.

Much focus has been on

CSPI report: https://www.cspinet.org/reports/chemcuisine.htm
I disagree with CSPI on about 25% of their rankings, but I appreciate that they take a very conservative stance.

Citations:
Aspartame:
1. Comp Funct Genomics. 2010. In vivo cytogenetic studies on aspartame.
2. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2004 Aug;27(3):257-68. Genotoxicity of aspartame.
3. Am J Ind Med. 2010 Dec;53(12):1197-206. Aspartame administered in feed, beginning prenatally through life span, induces cancers of the liver and lung in male Swiss mice.
4. Toxicol In Vitro. 2011 Feb;25(1):286-93. In vitro effect of aspartame in angiogenesis induction.

Sucralose:
5. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;55(1):1-5. An overview of the safety of sucralose.
6. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;55(1):6-12. Expert panel report on a study of Splenda in male rats.
7. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000;38 Suppl 2:S53-69. Acute and subchronic toxicity of sucralose.
8. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000;38 Suppl 2:S71-89. A combined chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study of sucralose in Sprague-Dawley rats.
9. Food Chem Toxicol. 2000;38 Suppl 2:S91-7. A carcinogenicity study of sucralose in the CD-1 mouse.

AceK:
10. Horm Metab Res. 1987 Jun;19(6):233-8. The effect of artificial sweetener on insulin secretion. 1. The effect of acesulfame K on insulin secretion in the rat (studies in vivo).
11. Food Chem Toxicol. 1997 Dec;35(12):1177-9. In vivo cytogenetic studies on mice exposed to acesulfame-K–a non-nutritive sweetener.

General reviews:
12. Ann Oncol. 2004 Oct;15(10):1460-5. Artificial sweeteners–do they bear a carcinogenic risk?
13. Yale J Biol Med. 2010 Jun;83(2):101-8. Gain weight by “going diet?” Artificial sweeteners and the neurobiology of sugar cravings
14. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1996 Mar;20 Suppl 2:S12-7. Effect of sucrose and sweeteners on appetite and energy intake.
15. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Jan;89(1):1-14. Nonnutritive sweetener consumption in humans: effects on appetite and food intake and their putative mechanisms.
16. Physiol Behav. 2010 Apr 26;100(1):55-62. High-intensity sweeteners and energy balance.
17. Physiol Behav. 2009 Dec 7;98(5):618-24. Effect of moderate intake of sweeteners on metabolic health in the rat.
18. Food Addit Contam. 2006 Apr;23(4):327-38. The intake of intense sweeteners – an update review.