[Latin Name] Vitis vinifera Linn

[Plant Source] Grape seed from Europe

[Specifications] 95%OPCs；45-90% polyphenols

[Appearance] Red brown powder

[Plant Part Used]: seed

[Particle size] 80 Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤5.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Pesticide residue] EC396-2005, USP 34, EP 8.0, FDA

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Shelf life] 24 Months

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[Gerneral feature]

1. Our product has passed the ID test by ChromaDex, Alkemist Lab. and other

third-party authoritative testing institutions, such as detection;

2. The pesticide residues match (EC) No 396/2005 USP34, EP8.0, FDA and other foreign pharmacopoeia standards and regulations;

3. The heavy metals in strict accordance with the foreign pharmacopoeia standard controls, such as USP34, EP8.0, FDA, etc.;

4. Our company set up a branch and import raw materials directly from Europe with strict control of heavy metal and pesticide residue. Aslo ensure the procyanidins content in grape seed is more than 8.0%.

5. OPCs over 95%, polyphenol over 70%, high activity, the oxidation resistance is strong, the ORAC more than 11000.

[Function]

Grapes (Vitis vinifera) have been heralded for their medicinal and nutritional value for thousands of years. Egyptians ate grapes a very long time back, and several ancient Greek philosophers spoke about the healing power of grapes — usually in the form of wine. European folk healers made an ointment from the sap of grapevines to treat skin and eye diseases. Grape leaves were used to stop bleeding, inflammation, and pain, such as the kind brought on by hemorrhoids. Unripe grapes were used to treat sore throats, and dried grapes (raisins) were used for constipation and thirst. Round, ripe, sweet grapes were used to treat a range of health problems including cancer, cholera, smallpox, nausea, eye infections, and skin, kidney, and liver diseases.

Grape seed extracts are industrial derivatives from whole grape seeds that have a great concentration of vitamin E, flavonoids, linoleic acid and phenolic OPCs. The typical commercial opportunity of extracting grape seed constituents has been for chemicals known as polyphenols having antioxidant activity in vitro.

Biochemistry: Protein structure. Drawing protein chains. Peptide bonds. How to determine the net charge of a peptide chain at different pH’s. Primary structure. Weak interactions; electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals interactions. Hydrophobic effect. Disulfide bonds. Secondary structure; the alpha helix, beta-pleated sheets. Alpha-keratin. Collagen. Tertiary structure. Quaternary structure

This is a recording of a tutoring session, posted with the student’s permission.

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For a document containing the video (1) homework problems, click here:

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
VIDEO (1)
0:00 Drawing protein chains. Peptide bonds
23:40 How to determine the net charge of a peptide chain at different pH’s
40:10 Characteristics of peptide bonds

VIDEO (2)
Homework
φ and ψ
Primary structure
Secondary structure. The alpha helix
Weak interactions. Electrostatic interactions
Hydrogen bonds

VIDEO (3)
Homework
Functions of proteins
Van der Waals interactions
Hydrophobic effect
The alpha helix, continued
Alpha-keratin
Collagen

VIDEO (4)
Homework
Disulfide bonds
Disulfide bonds in alpha-keratin
Homework, continued. More about collagen
Beta-pleated sheets

VIDEO (5)
Homework
Tertiary structure
Quaternary structure

VIDEO (6)
Homework

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There are several health benefits associated with Grape seed Extract (GSE): It is a powerful immune booster, Effective in Weight Management, helps in maintaining a Healthy Heart & Regulates Blood Sugar, Promotes Brain & Eye Health & also has Anti-Aging & Anti cancer properties.

Grapes are very high in Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins complexes (OPCs), which are very powerful antioxidants. Antioxidants are substances that destroy free radicals, which are harmful compounds in the body that damage DNA (genetic material) and even cause cell death. Scientists believe free radicals contribute to aging, as well as the development of a number of health problems, including heart disease and cancer. Since grape seeds are high not only in OPCs but also Vitamin E, flavonoids & linoleic acid they help in treating a variety of diseases & promoting good health.