[Latin Name] Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.)Nees

[Plant Source] Whole herb

[Specification] Andrographolides 10%-98% HPLC

[Appearance] White powder

Plant Part Used: Herb

[Particle size] 80Mesh

[Loss on drying] ≤5.0%

[Heavy Metal] ≤10PPM

[Storage] Store in cool & dry area, keep away from the direct light and heat.

[Shelf life] 24 Months

[Package] Packed in paper-drums and two plastic-bags inside.

[Net weight] 25kgs/drum

[What is Andrographis?]

Andrographis paniculata is a bitter tasting annual plant, referred to as the “King of Bitters.” It has white-purple flowers and it is native to Asia and India where it has been valued for centuries for its numerous medicinal benefits. Over the past decade, andrographis has become popular in America where it is often used alone and in combination with other herbs for a variety of health purposes.

[How does it work?]

According to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, the active ingredient in andrographis is andrographolides. Due to the andrographolides, andrographis has potent anti-inflammatory and antimalarial properties. It also has antimicrobial properties, meaning it can help to fight off and prevent infections from harmful microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria and fungi. In addition, andrographis is a powerful antioxidant and it can help to prevent free radical induced damage to your cells and DNA

[Function]

Cold and Flu

Scientists have discovered that andrographis helps to boost the immune system by stimulating the body’s production of antibodies and macrophages, which are large white blood cells that scavenge harmful microorganisms. It is taken for both the prevention and treatment of the common cold, and it is often referred to as Indian echinacea. It might help lessen the severity of cold symptoms such as sleeplessness, fever, nasal drainage and sore throat.

Cancer, Viral Infections and Heart Health

Andrographis may also help to prevent and treat cancer, and preliminary studies done in test tubes found that extracts of andrographis help to treat stomach, skin, prostate and breast cancer. Due to the herb’s antiviral properties, andrographis is used to treat herpes and it is also currently being studied as a treatment for Aids and HIV as well. Andrographis also promotes heart health and can help to prevent the formation of blood clots as well as to dissolve already formed blood clots. In addition, the herb relaxes smooth muscles in the walls of blood vessels and thereby helps to reduce high blood pressure.

Additional Benefits

Andrographis is used to promote gallbladder and digestive health. It also helps to support and strengthen the liver and it is used in combination with other herbs in several Ayurvedic formulations to treat liver disorders. Finally, andrographis extracts taken orally have been found to help neutralize the poisonous effects of snake venom.

Dosage and Precautions

The therapeutic dose of andrographis is 400 mg, twice daily, for up to 10 days. Although andrographis is considered safe in humans, the NYU Langone Medical Center warns that animal studies suggest that it may impair fertility. Andrographis may cause unwanted side effects such as headaches, fatigue, allergic reactions, nausea, diarrhea, altered taste and pain in the lymph nodes. It may also interact with certain medications and as with any supplement you should consult your health care practitioner before taking the herb.

Eucalyptus is a fast growing, medium- sized to tall tree attaining 20-50m in height and upto 2m in diameter. The tree has a deep tap root system with mycorrhizal associations which increases its ability to draw nutrients and water. The tree has a smooth silvery white stem. The leaves are leathery in texture, hang obliquely or vertically and are studded with glands containing aromatic oil. Flowering takes place during July-August. Flowers in bud are covered with a cup- like membrane, which is thrown off as a lid when the flower expands. The fruiting occurs during September – October. The fruits are surrounded by a woody, cup-shaped receptacles and contain numerous minute seeds.

Silvicultural Characteristics

Eucalyptus is versatile, fast growing and strongly coppicing tree possessing a wide range of soil and climatic adaptability.
The species grows under a wide range of climatic/soil conditions from warm to hot, sub humid to humid and from good to degraded soils. The range of agro-climatic conditions of the species is given as under:

Soil and Physiography

Soil texture : light, medium, heavy
Soil drainage : Free, seasonally waterlogged
Soil reaction : acidic, neutral
Special soil tolerances : saline
Soil types : alluvial soils, gravely soils, ferral soils, red soils, sandy soils

Yield

The mean annual increment in volume overbark of medium quality sites at age 5-6 years is about 15 cu m/ha. Wood yield of 120 tonnes/ha has been reported in red sandy clay loam soils, under irrigated conditions in Karnataka.

Commercial uses of Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus is one of the fastest growing trees and is an excellent timber for paper and pulp, particleboard and hardboard industries.
It is also an excellent source of fuelwood and charcoal.
Eucalyptus wood is also used for light and heavy construction, railway sleepers, bridges, piles, poles and mining timber.
Indian Standards are available for use of Eucalyptus timber, after treatment, for door frames, window shutters, furniture, cabinet, tool handles, packing cases and crates.
Leaf extracts of the species have pesticide properties and can be promoted as a biopesticide.
The wood and bark of the tree have a tannin content of 6-12% and 3-15% respectively, though not used as a commercial source of tannin.
Eucalyptus is a large ornamental tree suitable for parks and avenue plantations.
The tree may be used as an agro-forestry species. Eucalyptus in combination with pineapple have given excellent results in China.
• The tree species can be effectively used for regeneration of denuded lands and prevention of soil erosions in drought -affected areas.
Unit cost and Economics

Unit cost for raising Eucalyptus under high density plantations 1.5m x 1.5m has been worked out to 4444 plants per hectare. Considering harvesting at the age of 5 years.

Unit Cost for raising Eucalyptus hybrid in 1 ha. of wasteland
Spacing : 1.5m x 1.5m.
No. of plants per ha. 4444

Seed storage behaviour is orthodox. Viability can be maintained for several years in hermetic storage at 3 deg. C with 6-10% mc. A germination rate of 8% following 10 years of open storage at room temperature has been reported. There are approximately 320 000-600 000 viable seeds/kg.

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We we review multiple In-Vitro studies confirming the potential of Grape Seed extract no only helping to remineralize dentin, but remineralize the enamel itself.

Citations Cited:

J Dent. 2008 Nov;36(11):900-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2008.07.011. Epub 2008 Sep 25.
In vitro remineralization effects of grape seed extract on artificial root caries.
J Nutr. 2009 Sep; 139(9): 1818S–1823S.doi: 10.3945/jn.109.107854 PMCID: PMC2728698
Grape Products and Oral Health1–3
Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue. 2015 Feb;24(1):18-22.
[In vitro remineralization effect of grape seed extract on artificial dentin caries].
J Appl Oral Sci. 2015 May-Jun; 23(3): 302–309. doi: 10.1590/1678-775720140304 PMCID: PMC4510665
Effectiveness of plant-derived proanthocyanidins on demineralization on enamel and dentin under artificial cariogenic challenge
J Dent Res. 2017 Apr;96(4):406-412. doi: 10.1177/0022034516680586. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
Biostability of the Proanthocyanidins-Dentin Complex and Adhesion Studies