[Inoa Latina]Huperzia serratum

[Source] Huperziceae herb holoʻokoʻa mai Kina

[Hōʻike] ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo

[Ingredient] Huperzine A

[Specification] Huperzine A 1% - 5%, HPLC

[Solubility] Soluble i loko o ka chloroform, methanol, ethanol, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe iki i ka wai

[Nui ʻāpana] 80 Mesh

[Nalo ma ka maloʻo ʻana] ≤5.0%

[Mea Kaumaha] ≤10PPM

[Ke koena pesticide] EC396-2005, USP 34, EP 8.0, FDA

[Storage] E kūʻai ma kahi maloʻo a maloʻo, e mālama i ka mālamalama pololei a me ka wela.

[Ke ola mau] 24 Mahina

[Package] Hoʻopili ʻia i loko o nā pahu pahu pepa a me ʻelua ʻeke plastik i loko.

[He aha ka Huperzine A]

ʻO Huperzia kahi ʻano limu e ulu ana ma Kina. Pili ia i nā mosses lāʻau (ka ʻohana Lycopodiaceae) a ua ʻike ʻia e kekahi poʻe botanist ʻo Lycopodium serratum. Ua hoʻohana maʻamau ka moss i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. Hoʻohana wale nā ​​mea kanu lāʻau hou i ka alkaloid kaʻawale i kapa ʻia ʻo huperzine A. ʻO Huperzine A kahi alkaloid i loaʻa i ka huperzia i hōʻike ʻia e pale i ka haki ʻana o ka acetylcholine, kahi mea nui e pono ai ka ʻōnaehana nerve e hoʻouna i ka ʻike mai ke kelepona a i ke kelepona. Ua manaʻo ka noiʻi holoholona e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huperzine A i ka mālama ʻana i ka acetylcholine ma mua o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO ka nalowale o ka hana acetylcholine kahi hiʻohiʻona nui o nā maʻi o ka lolo, me ka maʻi Alzheimer. Hiki i ka Huperzine A ke loaʻa ka hopena pale i ka ʻiʻo o ka lolo, e hoʻonui hou i kona hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā hōʻailona o kekahi mau maʻi lolo.

[Hana] Hoʻohana ʻia i loko o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ka huperzine A e hana ma ke ʻano he cholinesterase inhibitor, kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e pale i ka haki ʻana o ka acetylcholine (he mea pono no ke aʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻomanaʻo).

ʻAʻole i hoʻohana wale ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi o Alzheimer, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo huperzine A e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke aʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka pale ʻana i ka emi ʻana o ka cognitive pili i ka makahiki.

Eia kekahi, hoʻohana ʻia ka huperzine A i kekahi manawa e hoʻonui i ka ikehu, hoʻonui i ka makaʻala, a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka myasthenia gravis (he maʻi autoimmune e pili ana i nā ʻiʻo).

Hōʻike kēia wikiō iā ʻoe pehea e haʻi ai iā Japonica

Papa mele mele kemika: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_hX5wLdhf_KyuOalV6rwHjo810Zaa6xq

hou aku ma https://scitech.quickfound.net/

ʻO ka nānā ʻana o ka hana ʻana i nā plastics & rubbers synthetic.

Hoʻouka hou i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni i hoʻoili mua ʻia me ka wikiō a me ke kani i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia.

Kiʻiʻoniʻoni aupuni mai ka Hale Waihona Puke o Congress Prelinger Archives, i ʻoki iki ʻia e wehe i nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole, me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka lākiō hiʻohiʻona, a hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mālamalama-contrast-color a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa leo wikiō.
Ua hana pū ʻia ke kani me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka leo, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka walaʻau, ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana, a/a i ʻole ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana (ʻo ka hopena, ʻaʻole naʻe maikaʻi loa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka leo ma mua o ke kumu).

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer

ʻO ka polymer kahi mole nui (macromolecule) i haku ʻia me nā ʻāpana hana hou. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana ʻāpana e nā paʻa kemika covalent. ʻOiai ua lawe ʻia ka huaʻōlelo polymer i kekahi manawa e pili ana i nā plastics, ua hoʻopili maoli ia i kahi papa nui o nā pūhui i loaʻa nā mea kūlohelohe a me nā mea synthetic me nā ʻano waiwai like ʻole.

Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o nā waiwai o nā mea polymeric, pāʻani lākou i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi a maʻamau i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Aia kēia kuleana mai nā plastic synthetic maʻamau a me nā elastomers i nā biopolymers kūlohelohe e like me nā nucleic acids a me nā protein e pono ai ke ola.

Ua hoʻohana ʻia nā mea polymeric kūlohelohe e like me ka shellac, ka amber, ka hulu hipa, ka siliki a me ka ʻōpala maoli no nā kenekulia. Aia nā ʻano polymers kūlohelohe ʻē aʻe, e like me ka cellulose, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka lāʻau a me ka pepa. ʻO ka papa inoa o nā polymers synthetic e pili ana i ka rubber synthetic, Bakelite, neoprene, nylon, PVC, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, PVB, silicone, a me nā mea hou aku.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka iwi kuamoʻo i hoʻopili mau ʻia o kahi polymer i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā plastics ka nui o nā ʻātoma kalapona. ʻO kahi laʻana maʻalahi he polyethylene ('polythene' ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania Pelekania), nona ka hui hou ʻana ma luna o ka ethylene monomer. Eia naʻe, aia kekahi mau hale; no ka laʻana, ʻo nā mea e like me ke silika e hana i nā mea maʻa e like me nā silicones, nā laʻana ʻo Silly Putty a me ka mea hoʻopaʻa paipu wai. Loaʻa maʻamau ka oxygen i nā iwi kuamoʻo polymer, e like me nā polyethylene glycol, polysaccharides (i loko o nā mea paʻa glycosidic), a me DNA (i loko o nā mea paʻa phosphodiester).

Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā polymers i nā kula o ka polymer chemistry, polymer physics, a me ka ʻepekema polymer…

ʻO ka polymerization ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā molekole liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia he monomers i loko o kahi kaulahao covalently paʻa ʻia. I ke kaʻina hana polymerization, nalowale kekahi mau pūʻulu kemika mai kēlā me kēia monomer. ʻO kēia ka hihia, no ka laʻana, i ka polymerization o PET polyester. ʻO nā monomers he terephthalic acid (HOOC-C6H4-COOH) a me ka ethylene glycol (HO-CH2-CH2-OH) akā ʻo ka hui hou ʻana ʻo -OC-C6H4-COO-CH2-CH2-O-, e pili ana i ka hui ʻana o ka ʻelua monomer me ka nalowale ʻana o ʻelua mau mole wai. ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia monomer i hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ka polymer ua ʻike ʻia he ʻāpana hou a i ʻole koena monomer…

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_rubber

ʻO ka ʻōpala synthetic kekahi ʻano elastomer artificial, he polymer mau. ʻO ka elastomer kahi mea me ka waiwai mechanical (a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea waiwai) e hiki ke hana i ka deformation elastic nui aʻe ma lalo o ke koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā mea a hoʻi hou i kona nui mua me ka ʻole deformation mau. ʻO ka nui o ʻelua hapakolu he synthetic…

Kūlohelohe vs synthetic rubber

ʻO ka ʻōpala maoli, e hele mai ana mai ka latex, ʻo ia ka poly-cis-isoprene i loaʻa nā meheu o nā haumia. ʻOiai e hōʻike ana i nā waiwai maikaʻi he nui, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka lāʻau kūlohelohe ma mua o nā rubbers synthetic, ʻoi aku ka pili i kona kūpaʻa wela a me kona kūlike me nā huahana petroleum.

Hana ʻia ka rubber synthetic e ka polymerization o nā ʻano mea mua i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka aila i kapa ʻia he monomers. ʻO nā lāʻau synthetic nui loa he styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR) i loaʻa mai ka copolymerization o styrene a me 1,3-butadiene. Hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā ʻāpana synthetic ʻē aʻe mai isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene), chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3-butadiene), a me isobutylene (methylpropene) me kahi hapa liʻiliʻi o ka isoprene no ka hoʻopili ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau monomer a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā ʻano like ʻole e copolymerized e hana i nā huahana me nā ʻano o ke kino, mechanical, a me nā waiwai kemika. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā monomers maʻemaʻe a hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā haumia a i ʻole nā ​​mea hoʻohui e ka hoʻolālā e hāʻawi i nā waiwai maikaʻi loa. Hiki ke hoʻomalu maikaʻi ʻia ka polymerization o nā monomers maʻemaʻe e hāʻawi i kahi ʻāpana i makemake ʻia o nā cis a me nā paʻa pālua trans…