[Izina ry'ikilatini] Huperzia serratum

[Source] Huperziceae ibyatsi byose biva mubushinwa

[Kugaragara] Umuhondo kugeza umweru

[Ingredient] Huperzine A.

[Ibisobanuro] Huperzine A 1% - 5%, HPLC

[Solubility] Gushonga muri chloroform, methanol, Ethanol, gushonga gato mumazi

[Ingano ya Particle] 80 Mesh

[Gutakaza kumisha] ≤5.0%

[Icyuma Cyinshi] ≤10PPM

[Ibisigisigi byica udukoko] EC396-2005, USP 34, EP 8.0, FDA

[Ububiko] Bika ahantu hakonje & humye, jya kure yumucyo nubushyuhe.

[Ubuzima bwa Shelf] Amezi 24

[Gupakira] Bipakiye mu mpapuro-ingoma no mu mifuka ibiri ya pulasitike imbere.

[Huperzine A]

Huperzia ni ubwoko bwa moss ikura mubushinwa. Ifitanye isano na mose ya club (umuryango wa Lycopodiaceae) kandi izwi nabamwe mubimera nka Lycopodium serratum. Mose yateguwe yose yakoreshejwe gakondo. Imiti y'ibyatsi igezweho ikoresha gusa alkaloide yitaruye izwi ku izina rya huperzine A. Huperzine A ni alkaloide iboneka muri huperzia yavuzwe ko irinda isenyuka rya acetyloline, ikintu cy'ingenzi gikenerwa na sisitemu y'imitsi kugira ngo ikwirakwize amakuru ava mu ngirabuzimafatizo. Ubushakashatsi bw’inyamaswa bwerekanye ko ubushobozi bwa huperzine A bwo kubika acetyloline bushobora kuba bwinshi kuruta ubw'imiti imwe n'imwe yandikiwe. Gutakaza imikorere ya acetylcholine nikintu cyibanze kiranga ibibazo byinshi byimikorere yubwonko, harimo n'indwara ya Alzheimer. Huperzine A irashobora kandi kugira ingaruka zo kurinda ingirangingo zubwonko, bikarushaho kongera ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso byindwara zimwe na zimwe zubwonko.

[Imikorere] Yifashishijwe mu buvuzi butandukanye, huperzine A yasanze ikora nka inhibitori ya cholinesterase, ubwoko bwimiti ikoreshwa mu gukumira isenyuka rya acetyloline (imiti ikenewe mu kwiga no kwibuka).

Ntabwo ikoreshwa gusa mu kuvura indwara ya Alzheimer, huperzine A ivugwa kandi ko izamura imyigire no kwibuka ndetse no kwirinda kugabanuka kw’imyaka.

Byongeye kandi, huperzine A rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa mu kongera ingufu, kongera ubukangurambaga, no gufasha mu kuvura indwara ya myasthenia gravis (indwara ya autoimmune ifata imitsi).

Iyi videwo irakwereka uburyo bwo kuvuga Japonica

Urutonde rwa chimie: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL_hX5wLdhf_KyuOalV6rwHjo810Zaa6xq

byinshi kuri https://scitech.quickfound.net/

Incamake yukuntu plastiki & sintetike ya reberi ikorwa.

Ongera ushyireho firime yoherejwe mbere hamwe na videwo nziza.

Filime rusange ya rusange ivuye mubitabo byububiko bwa Kongere Prelinger Archives, yahinguwe gato kugirango ikureho impande zingana, hamwe nikigereranyo cya aspect yakosowe, hamwe numucyo umwe urumuri-itandukaniro-ibara ryikosora & kugabanya urusaku rworoheje rwa videwo.
Amajwi nayo yatunganijwe hamwe nubunini busanzwe, kugabanya urusaku, kugabanya gukata, no / cyangwa kuringaniza (amajwi yavuyemo, nubwo adatunganye, ni urusaku ruto cyane kuruta umwimerere).

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer

Polimeri ni molekile nini (macromolecule) igizwe no gusubiramo ibice byubaka. Ibi bice bisanzwe bihujwe na covalent chimique. Nubwo ijambo polymer rimwe na rimwe rifatwa kugirango ryerekane plastike, mubyukuri rikubiyemo urwego runini rwibintu bigizwe nibikoresho bisanzwe hamwe nubukorikori hamwe nibintu bitandukanye.

Kubera urwego rudasanzwe rwibintu bya polymeric, bigira uruhare rukomeye kandi rugaragara mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Uru ruhare ruhereye kuri plastiki isanzwe yubukorikori hamwe na elastomer kugeza kuri biopolymer karemano nka acide nucleic acide na proteyine zikenewe mubuzima.

Ibikoresho bisanzwe bya polymeriki nka shellac, amber, ubwoya, silk na reberi karemano byakoreshejwe ibinyejana byinshi. Ibindi binyabuzima bisanzwe birahari, nka selile, nicyo kintu nyamukuru kigize ibiti nimpapuro. Urutonde rwa polymrike yubukorikori irimo reberi yubukorikori, Bakelite, neoprene, nylon, PVC, polystirene, polyethylene, polypropilene, polyacrylonitrile, PVB, silicone, nibindi byinshi.

Mubisanzwe, umugongo uhora uhuza umugongo wa polymer ukoreshwa mugutegura plastike ugizwe ahanini na atome ya karubone. Urugero rworoshye ni polyethylene ('polythene' mucyongereza cyo mu Bwongereza), igice cyayo gisubiramo gishingiye kuri ethylene monomer. Ariko, izindi nzego zirahari; kurugero, ibintu nka silicon bigize ibikoresho bizwi nka silicone, ingero ni Silly Putty hamwe namazi adafite amazi. Oxygene ikunze kugaragara no mu mugongo wa polymer, nk'iya polyethylene glycol, polysaccharide (mu mitsi ya glycoside), na ADN (mu mitsi ya fosifori).

Polimeri yizwe mubijyanye na chimie polymer, physics physics, na siyanse ya polymer…

Polymerisation ninzira yo guhuza molekile ntoya izwi nka monomers mumurongo uhujwe cyangwa urunana. Mugihe cya polymerisation, amatsinda amwe yimiti arashobora gutakara kuri buri monomer. Nibibaho, kurugero, muri polymerisation ya PET polyester. Monomers ni aside terephthalic (HOOC-C6H4-COOH) na Ethylene glycol (HO-CH2-CH2-OH) ariko igice gisubiramo ni -OC-C6H4-COO-CH2-CH2-O-, bihuye no guhuza hamwe. monomers ebyiri hamwe no gutakaza molekile ebyiri zamazi. Igice gitandukanye cya buri monomer cyinjijwe muri polymer kizwi nkigice gisubiramo cyangwa ibisigisigi bya monomer…

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_rubber

Rubber ya sintetike ni ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bwa elastomer, burigihe polymer. Elastomer ni ibikoresho bifite imitungo yubukanishi (cyangwa ibikoresho) ishobora guhinduka cyane muburyo bwa elastique ihangayitse kuruta ibikoresho byinshi kandi igakomeza gusubira mubunini bwayo mbere idafite ihinduka rihoraho. Hafi ya miliyari 15 z'ibiro bya reberi bikozwe buri mwaka, kandi muribyo amafaranga bibiri bya gatatu ni synthique…

Rubber naturel

Rubber naturel, ituruka kuri latex, ahanini ni poly-cis-isoprene irimo ibimenyetso byumwanda. Nubwo yerekana ibintu byinshi byiza, reberi karemano ikunze kuba munsi ya reberi yubukorikori, cyane cyane kubijyanye nubushyuhe bwumuriro hamwe nubusabane bwibikomoka kuri peteroli.

Rubber ya sintetike ikorwa na polymerisation ya peteroli itandukanye ishingiye kuri peteroli yitwa monomers. Rubber ikunzwe cyane ni reberi ya styrene-butadiene (SBR) ikomoka kuri copolymerisation ya styrene na 1,3-butadiene. Ibindi bikoresho bya sintetike byateguwe biva muri isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene), chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3-butadiene), na isobutylene (methylpropene) hamwe nijanisha rito rya isoprene kugirango bahuze. Aba na ba monomor barashobora kuvangwa muburyo butandukanye kugirango bahindurwe kugirango babyaze umusaruro ibintu bitandukanye byumubiri, ubukanishi, nubumara. Monomers irashobora kubyara umusaruro mwiza kandi hiyongereyeho umwanda cyangwa inyongeramusaruro birashobora kugenzurwa nigishushanyo mbonera kugirango gitange ibintu byiza. Polymerisation ya monomers isukuye irashobora kugenzurwa neza kugirango itange igipimo cyifuzwa cya cis hamwe na trans double bond…