[Igama lesiLatini]Huperzia serratum

[Umthombo] I-Huperziceae yonke imifino evela e-China

[Ukubukeka]Onsundu ukuya kokumhlophe

[Isithako]Huperzine A

[Ukucaciswa]I-Huperzine A 1% – 5%, HPLC

[Ukunyibilika] Incibilika ku-chloroform, i-methanol, i-ethanol, inyibilika kancane emanzini

[Usayizi wezinhlayiyana] 80 Mesh

[Ukulahlekelwa lapho omiswa] ≤5.0%

[Insimbi Esindayo] ≤10PPM

[Izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane] EC396-2005, USP 34, EP 8.0, FDA

[Isitoreji] Gcina endaweni epholile neyomile, gwema ukukhanya nokushisa okuqondile.

[Impilo yeshelufu] Izinyanga ezingama-24

[Iphakheji] Ipakishwe ngezigubhu zephepha kanye nezikhwama zepulasitiki ezimbili ngaphakathi.

[Iyini i-Huperzine A]

I-Huperzia uhlobo lobulembu obumila eShayina. Ihlobene ne-club mosses (umndeni we-Lycopodiaceae) futhi yaziwa kwezinye izazi zezitshalo ngokuthi i-Lycopodium serratum. I-moss yonke elungisiwe yayisetshenziswa ngokwesiko. Amalungiselelo amakhambi esimanje asebenzisa kuphela i-alkaloid engayodwa eyaziwa ngokuthi i-huperzine A. I-Huperzine A iyi-alkaloid etholakala ku-huperzia okuye kwabikwa ukuthi ivimbela ukuwohloka kwe-acetylcholine, into ebalulekile edingwa isimiso sezinzwa ukuze sidlulisele ulwazi kusuka kungqamuzana ukuya kungqamuzana. Ucwaningo lwezilwane luphakamise ukuthi ikhono le-huperzine A lokulondoloza i-acetylcholine lingase libe likhulu kuneleminye imithi kadokotela. Ukulahlekelwa ukusebenza kwe-acetylcholine kuyisici esiyinhloko sokuphazamiseka okuningana kokusebenza kobuchopho, okuhlanganisa nesifo i-Alzheimer's. I-Huperzine A ingase futhi ibe nomthelela ovikelayo ezicutshini zobuchopho, iqhubeke yandise amandla ayo etiyetha okusiza ukwehlisa izimpawu zokuphazamiseka okuthile kobuchopho.

[Umsebenzi] Isetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, i-huperzine A itholakale isebenza njenge-cholinesterase inhibitor, uhlobo lomuthi olusetshenziselwa ukuvimbela ukuwohloka kwe-acetylcholine (ikhemikhali ebalulekile ekufundeni nasekukhumbuleni).

Ayisetshenziswa nje kuphela njengokwelapha isifo i-Alzheimer's, i-huperzine A kuthiwa ithuthukisa ukufunda nenkumbulo futhi ivikele ekuwohlokeni komqondo okuhlobene neminyaka.

Ukwengeza, i-huperzine A ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziselwa ukuqinisa amandla, ukwandisa ukuphaphama, nokusiza ekwelapheni i-myasthenia gravis (isifo esizimele esithinta imisipha).

Yini ama-disaccharides nama-polysaccharides? Ngabe ufulawa uhlangana ngani nama-polysaccharides? Bavezwa kanjani oshukela abaningi? Usuka kanjani ku-Fischer uye endaweni eqanjiwe yase-Haworth? Ibukeka kanjani i-glucose ku-projection yase-Haworth? Yini okufanele uyicabangele ngokuqagela kwe-Haworth? Ibukeka kanjani i-malt sugar?

Isigaba: idiploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu

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» IZIKWELETU

Umqondo ka-Alexander Giesecke noNicolai Schork

Ibhalwe ngu: Kevin Reinmuth
Umbono obonakalayo: u-Antje Heidemann
Umsindo: Alexander Giesecke
Ukuhlela & nemiphumela: Vincent Viebig

» IMITHOMBO YEZITHOMBE
//Ufulawa wemithombo yesithombe: Veganbaking.net (flickr), https://bit.ly/12hg4mn, CC BY-SA 2.0
I-Holzstapel: Kreuzschnabel (Wikimedia Commons), https://bit.ly/1pTP86x, GFDL 1.2 / CC BY-SA
I-Zuckerwürfel: david pacey (rockindave1) (Flickr), https://bit.ly/TNcbRw, CC BY 2.0
U-Amylose: Roland1952 (Roland Mattern( (Wikimedia Commons), https://bit.ly/1we96ez, CC BY